Soil science is a branch of agriculture and environmental science that focuses on the study of soil as a natural resource. This includes understanding the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil, as well as how these properties are affected by human activities and natural processes. One of the main goals of soil science is to understand how to promote healthy soil, which is essential for growing crops and maintaining sustainable agriculture. Healthy soil is rich in organic matter, has good structure, and contains a diverse range of microorganisms. These characteristics allow soil to retain water, support plant growth, and maintain nutrient levels.

One of the key ways to promote healthy soil is through the use of organic matter, such as compost or manure. Organic matter helps to improve soil structure, increase water-holding capacity, and provide a food source for microorganisms. These microorganisms play a crucial role in breaking down organic matter and releasing nutrients for plants to use. Another important aspect of soil science is understanding how different land management practices can impact soil health.